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Modeling fluid migration through physically-based fracture networks.

机译:通过基于物理的裂缝网络模拟流体运移。

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摘要

Understanding of the geometry of fracture networks directly affects our ability to model many sub-surface flow systems. Realistic fracture network geometries are generated by including the mechanics of fracture formation within the network simulator. Specifically, this thesis: (1) Derives a simple criterion for predicting the propagation behavior and linkage of fractures that propagate into one another. Experimental data show that the criterion accurately predicts the occurrence of crossing in eleven different brittle materials. (2) Derives fluid-limited fracture velocities. Growth rates are primarily controlled by the hydraulic conductivity, the storage, and the initial flaw length. Growth rates are summarized in dimensionless plots of fracture length versus time. (3) Discusses the limitations of current numerical fracture propagation models and suggests that the degree of curvature that develops between two mechanically interacting fractures is limited by numerous factors including stress state, material anisotropy, fracture surface roughness, and inelasticity. (4) Develops a computationally efficient numerical model of fracture network formation incorporating current understanding of the physics of rock fracture. The model accurately predicts the evolution of experimentally generated fracture sets. Given an initial flaw geometry, only the velocity exponent controls the growth of the fracture set. The velocity exponent relates fracture propagation velocity to stress concentration at the fracture tip. This parameter controls the extent to which fracture growth is concentrated within zones or clusters. Fracture clustering is less sensitive to the initial flaw density. And (5) explores the physical parameters controlling fluid flow through the simulated networks. Flow characteristics of pseudo-symmetric physically-based networks are shown to be qualitatively similar to the flow characteristics of bond percolation networks, but more sensitive to the scale of measurement. Average network flow characteristics are independent of initial flaw density over the range considered and independent of velocity exponents less than or equal to 1. Velocity exponents greater than 1 result in extensive connected pathways at significantly lower fracture densities. Appropriate values of the velocity exponent for natural fracture networks are uncertain.
机译:对裂缝网络几何形状的理解直接影响我们对许多地下流体系统进行建模的能力。实际的裂缝网络几何形状是通过在网络模拟器中包含裂缝形成机理来生成的。具体而言,本论文:(1)推导了一个简单的判据,用于预测彼此传播的裂缝的传播行为和联系。实验数据表明,该标准可以准确预测11种不同脆性材料中的交叉现象。 (2)得出流体受限的裂缝速度。增长率主要由水力传导率,存储量和初始缺陷长度控制。增长率以裂缝长度与时间的无因次图表示。 (3)讨论了当前数值裂缝扩展模型的局限性,并指出在两个机械相互作用的裂缝之间发展的曲率程度受多种因素限制,包括应力状态,材料各向异性,裂缝表面粗糙度和非弹性。 (4)结合当前对岩石裂缝物理的理解,开发了一个计算有效的裂缝网络形成数值模型。该模型可准确预测实验产生的裂缝集的演化。在给定初始缺陷几何形状的情况下,只有速度指数控制裂缝集的增长。速度指数将裂缝的传播速度与裂缝尖端的应力集中联系起来。该参数控制裂缝增长集中在区域或簇内的程度。断裂聚集对初始缺陷密度较不敏感。 (5)探讨了控制流体通过模拟网络流动的物理参数。伪对称的基于物理的网络的流量特性在质量上与键渗滤网络的流量特性相似,但对测量规模更为敏感。平均网络流动特性与所考虑范围内的初始缺陷密度无关,并且与小于或等于1的速度指数无关。大于1的速度指数会导致裂缝密度显着降低的广泛连通通道。天然裂缝网络的速度指数的适当值是不确定的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Renshaw, Carl Edward.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford University.;

  • 授予单位 Stanford University.;
  • 学科 Geology.;Hydrology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1993
  • 页码 202 p.
  • 总页数 202
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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