Synthesis and characterization of light-metal-based hydrides for hydrogen storage materials.

摘要

In the past few years, research and development on the use of hydrogen as a fuel for various applications have gathered momentum in response to the demand for cleaner fuels and substitutes to fossil fuels. The use of hydrogen for automobiles, one of the most important applications of hydrogen fuel, requires an on-board hydrogen storage system that can be regenerated on-board or off-board. However, one of the key obstacles to this application is that current available storage technologies do not meet the capacity and efficiency requirements for achieving the commercial viability. In this study, two solid-state hydrogen storage systems, i.e. Mg-Ti-H and Li-Al-B-H, are investigated. Among a variety of MgH2/TiH2 ratios and milling conditions, the 10MgH2/TiH2 sample milled in a dual-planetary high-energy mill for 4 hours under 15 MPa hydrogen pressure were found to be the optimal materials, displaying a substantially reduced activation energy and enthalpy change for MgH2 dehydrogenation. PCT analysis demonstrated that the system showed excellent cycle stability attributed to the inhibition of coarsening by TiH2.;Lithium borohydride (LiBH4) is one of the promising candidates as a superior hydrogen storage because of its high theoretical storage capacity (18.5 wt.%). In this work, the promising hydrogen storage properties of combined systems of Li3AlH6/LiBH4 and Al/LiBH 4, exhibiting the favorable formation of AlB2 during dehydrogenation, were presented based on TGA and XRD analyses. Additionally, the characterization of the intermediate and final products of the dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation of the above systems by solid-state NMR analyses were presented. This has verified and further clarified the paths and intermediate products of the reversible hydrogen release and uptake by the mixtures.