Development and investigation of compressed air only and hybrid powering options.

摘要

Currently, significant resources are deployed to investigate electric and pneumatic vehicles in response to environmental, energy and consumer pressures. The goal of this thesis is to show conceptual development, analyze, performance assessment and comparative evaluation to further develop a pre-commercial design of compressed air vehicle. Three novel pneumatically or pneumatic-electric powered vehicles are developed, and energetic and exergetic performances given on the basis of different regimes, energy load, and climate conditions.;System 1 is a pneumatic only with three stage expansion air motors. It is important to reheat the air at inter-stages, because of two reasons, namely more work can be retrieved and icing of the exhaust pipe while air cools-down during expansion is avoided. This system takes required air for regeneration from outside. The energy and exergy efficiencies of System 1 are 63.0% and 45.0%, respectively. The results show that the driving range of first system car, is 198 km per full tank.;System 2 is a pneumatic only with two stage expansion air motors. It is important to reheat the air at inter-stages. This system takes required air for regeneration from low pressure tank to main storage tank. The energy and exergy efficiencies of System 2 are 68.0% and 47.0%, respectively. Expected driving range of pneumatic vehicle is depending on the vehicle size. The results show that the driving range of second system car, is 202 km per full tank.;System 3 is a hybrid electric and compressed air powertrain car with two stage expansion air motors. The powertrain integrates two power generation systems: electric and pneumatic (compressed air). Two stages expansion and reheating between stages with electric motors heat and at the same time cooling the electric windings with compressed air considered. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the System 3 are 72.0% and 51.0%, respectively. The expected driving range with hybrid driving range is 385 km per full air tank, and full charged battery.