Study of the heat transfer mechanism from a submerged pulse combustor to a fluidized bed.

摘要

The objective of this study was to develop a better understanding of the heat transfer mechanism from the oscillating flow in a pulse combustor tail pipe to a fluidized bed. Heat transfer in the pipe and to the bed was studied both theoretically and experimentally. A quasi-steady theory was used to predict the internal heat transfer coefficients in pulsating flow. A packet renewal theory was used to predict the external heat transfer coefficients. A pipe fitted with an electrical heater and four acoustic drivers, which can be submerged in a fluidized bed, simulated the tail pipe of a pulse combustor. Local internal heat transfer rates in the pipe were measured using an enthalpy difference method. Local flow velocities were measured using a hot-film probe and radial temperatures by a thermocouple.; The results of this study have shown that a resonant acoustic field increases the local heat transfer rates at the acoustic velocity anti-node and decreases those at the node. These enhancements seem to be caused by a steeper radial temperature gradient near the wall. The overall heat transfer rate is enhanced, when the ratio of acoustic to mean velocity is greater than 1, i.e., when flow reversal occurs. The degree of heat transfer rate enhancement increases as the resonant frequency increases, but decreases as Reynolds number increases. In very turbulent flow pulsations provide no enhancement. A quasi-steady model was developed, which accurately predicts the heat transfer coefficients, for the tail pipe in natural convection (outside fluidized bed) especially when the ratio of acoustic to mean velocity is greater than 3. However, the model somewhat under predicts the heat transfer coefficients for the tail pipe in forced convection (inside fluidized bed). Pulsations inside a submerged tail pipe cause relatively small increase of fluidized bed temperature for low Reynolds number flow, and do not affect the bed temperature measurably for high Reynolds numbers. The rate-controlling step in the heat transfer process from the hot gas, through the tail pipe to the fluidized bed is the internal heat transfer to the wall.