An investigation of traction motor characteristics for electric and hybrid electric vehicle application.

摘要

Electric vehicles (EV) and Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are a viable alternative to conventional internal combustion engine (ICE)-based vehicles for the automobile industry due to environmental issues and exhausted petroleum resources. With the growing interests in EV and HEV, much effort is demanded for the development of efficient, reliable and economical motor drives for electric propulsion purpose.; Selection of an appropriate traction motor for EV and HEV propulsion systems is very important. The vehicle industries and automobile researchers are actively looking for better motor drive systems for traction application. But searching for a suitable machine selection format can be quite involved for a vehicular traction application where the overall machine-operating point is not tightly defined. Moreover, the influence of vehicle dynamics and system architecture for choosing the appropriate motor type is also imperative. Furthermore, the polymorphism of HEV architecture, like pre-transmission, post-transmission and continuously variable transmission (CVT) makes the selection process even more complicated.; This dissertation investigates the characteristics of traction motors and proposes a motor selection procedure for EV and HEV. At first, a list of motor characteristics is presented emphasizing the requirements of a general propulsion system. However, all motor drive characteristics may not have equal importance in traction application. Some features are influenced by system architectures and vehicle dynamics and demand special attention. They are the extended speed range-ability and energy efficiency of the electric drive. These are the two characteristics that distinguish the difference between a traction drive and an industrial drive. The significance of both of these two features is thoroughly investigated for EV and two different parallel HEV architectures. The study defines a guideline on the selection of traction motors for EV and HEV regarding extended-speed operation and motor drive efficiency.; A near-vehicle scale (300 Volts, 5 kW) switched reluctance motor (SRM) test bench is built to carry out accurate efficiency measurements and perform extended-speed operation. Using these test results, the energy consumption of the SRM drive for different driving cycles is simulated. Test results validate that SRM drive must be considered as a serious candidate for EV and HEV traction applications.