Placement of multiple base stations for energy efficient communication in wireless sensor networks.

摘要

In recent years, the importance of multiple base stations in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has increased in applications such as environmental, border zone control, etc. Due to the energy constraints in individual sensor nodes, extending lifetime is an essential objective in WSNs. The physical, medium access and network layers have been targeted by a number of researchers for designing energy efficient protocols. While the proposed protocols were successful in energy savings for individual sensor nodes, they fail to solve problems related to the topology of the network. An example of such problem is that sensors nodes around the base station become bottlenecked and deplete their energy faster than other nodes.;Sensor nodes have constraints such as low bandwidth, error-prone transmissions, processing and storage capacities and the most critical limited energy. The node constraints combined with the placement of a large number of sensors directly has direct impact on the network lifetime. This also increases complexity to the design. Many routing, power management, and data distribution protocols have been designed specifically for WSNs where limited energy is an important design issue. The emphasis has been given to the routing protocols which, however, might differ depending on the application and network architecture.;In this scheme the focus is on deployment of multiple base stations and sensors on a field. Also to distribute the energy consumption of the network in such a way that the number of sensors used is minimized under the limitation that connectivity of the network is maintained. The discrete event simulation and mathematical models show that deployment of multiple base stations decrease the number of sensors to be deployed. The technique used to distribute the sensors in the field increases the lifetime of the network.