Microaggressions in the lives of women with non-apparent disabilities.

摘要

This research explored the microaggression experiences in the lives of women with non-apparent disabilities, also referred to as invisible disabilities, including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), traumatic brain injury (TBI), extreme scent sensitivity, and hemiplegic migraine. Relational-Cultural Theory guided this research as it conceptualizes the vital importance of growth-fostering relationships in the emotional well-being of women, as well as the detrimental impact of isolation. Two focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicated that microaggression experiences for women with non-apparent disabilities are often motivated in part by the incongruence between their subjective experiences of their disability symptoms and the objective perceptions of others. More specifically, focus group participants reported microaggressions related to social consequences, breaking boundaries, trouble getting around, and getting, keeping, and utilizing accommodations. They also described the ways in which they respond to microaggressions, including developing prepared responses, planning for safe spaces, purposeful disclosure, finding social support, educating others, getting tough, cut them out, and using force. Implications for theory, clinical practice, future research, and policy change are also discussed.