可持续理念下低碳景观营造标准及策略研究

摘要

大量的人类活动造成了温室气体大量排放，从而改变了全球气候和自然环境。在传统认知下，所有的景观设计对于环境和社会都有积极的效应，发挥碳氧平衡是城市景观的重要的环境功能,景观中的绿地通过光合作用，吸收空气中的CO2，释放O2，制造新鲜的空气。但是实际情况是如同其他人类活动一样，景观设计在其全生命周期中也会产生大量的CO2。因此，论文以景观建设的可持续理念为基础，对低碳景观的营造体系及策略进行探讨，研究分为四个部分：
　　首先，论文以建筑全生命周期的相关研究为切入点，在建筑的全生命周期中，根据全生命周期的相关概念，提出建筑在材料生产、建造、日常使用维护阶段和建筑废弃拆除阶段CO2排放量的相关计算公式及影响因素。
　　其次，研究以可持续景观为基础，提出低碳景观的相关概念，并且针对目前已经建立的以CO2为评价指标的景观评价体系进行汇总，同时借鉴建筑全生命周期CO2评估体系，提出景观全生命周期CO2评估体系，包含碳源和碳汇两个部分。碳源主要包含景观材料生产、建造、日常使用维护和更新及拆除阶段的碳源，在分析碳源的基础上，根据不同的可持续景观评价体系在这些方面的评价内容，提出减少碳源的重点考虑原则和相关启示。碳汇主要包含景观绿色植物、利用废弃材料和再生能源利用的碳汇，碳汇体系中主要介绍了景观绿色植物的碳汇的计算软件和方法，同时对其他因素间接增加碳汇的实例进行了研究分析。
　　同时，论文提出景观全生命周期中碳源和碳汇的比较方法，针对天津仕林苑居住区景观实例，进行实地考察，结合建造过程中的相关基础资料，对景观实例在其全生命周期中的碳源和碳汇进行分析。研究得出仕林苑居住区碳源和碳汇量在其40年时才可达到平衡的结果。针对此种情况，根据前文中提出的减少碳源和增加碳汇的相关策略，对改造情景下的碳源和碳汇进行分析，得到居住区全生命周期下的碳源和碳汇量在其生命年限的20年可达到平衡的结果。从而以实例说明通过有效的措施是可以减少景观中的碳源，提高景观中的碳汇量，使居住区景观达到更好的生态效益。
　　最后，根据上述的研究成果，论文在可持续理念下低碳景观标准体系的基础上，进一步探讨低碳景观营造策略，将可持续理念下的低碳景观的策略体系从策略实施的主体和具体的营造策略两个方面进行具体分析，同时提出了低碳景观策略体系的控制性标准。

目录

封面

声明

中文摘要

英文摘要

目录

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 The background and the significance of the study topic

1.2 The study at home and abroad

1.3 Research content and method

1.4 Research technology roadmap and research innovation

Chapter2 The evaluation system of building CO2 life cycle assessment

2.1 The overview of life cycle assessment

2.2 The evaluation system of building CO2 life cycle assessment

2.3 Brief summary

Chapter 3 The CO2 life cycle assessment of sustainable landscape

3.1 The development of low carbon landscape under the sustainable concept

3.2The established quantitative methods or tools of the landscape

3.3 The evaluation system of landscape CO2 life cycle assessment

3.4 Brief summary

Chapter 4 Carbon sources of landscape life cycle assessment

4.1Carbon sources of production of landscape material

4.2 Carbon sources of landscape construction

4.3 Carbon sources of landscape maintenance

4.4 Carbon sources of landscape renewal and demolition

4.5 Brief summary

Chapter 5 Carbon sinks of landscape life cycle assessment

5.1 Carbon sinks of landscape green plant

5.2 Carbon sinks of recycled material

5.3 Carbon sink of renewable energy

5.4The price of carbon sink

5.5 Brief summary

Chapter 6 The comparison study on the income and expense of carbon sources and carbon sinks in the life cycle of landscape——A case study of Tianjin Shi Linyuan residential district

6.1 The income and expense of carbon sources and carbon sinks in the life cycle of landscape

6.2 The comparison of carbon sources and carbon sinks of Tianjin Shi Linyuan residential district

6.3 The comparison of income and expense of carbon sources and carbon sinks in the life cycle of landscape

6.4 Feasibility analysis on the reduction of carbon sources and the increase of carbon sinks of residential district

6.5 The comparison of the income and expense of carbon sources and carbon sinks of landscape under the renewal situation

6.6 The supplementary analysis of related research of carbon sources and carbon sinks in the life cycle of landscape

6.7 Brief summary

Chapter 7 Construction strategies of low carbon landscape under the sustainable idea

7.1 Construction strategies of low carbon landscape under the sustainable idea

7.2 The main operating subject of low carbon landscape strategies

7.3The strategies of low carbon landscape and control evaluation system under the sustainable idea

7.4 Brief summary

Chapter 8 Summary and discussion

8.1 The content of the paper and summary

8.2 Discussion

参考文献

Papers and scientific research

致谢