太阳能资源在贫穷地区的应用研究:刚果布拉柴维尔的案例研究

摘要

太阳能是一种取之不尽,用之不竭的资源,太阳产生大量可持续能源,这些能源可以被收集并转化为其他能源。根据现在刚果共和国的能源研究和发现的状况,结果显示:人口对能源的需求大于能源的供给。为了弥补这个不足,国家从刚果民主共和国进口电能。
　　 事实上,刚果民主共和国在使用太阳能源方面具有很多优势。因为刚果整年处于高温中,我们同时注重研究。在这篇文章里我们有两个主要目标:
　　 第一,做一个关于刚果能源状况的彻底分析并且给出一些可行的解决方案。第二根据文章的题目给出一个案例。案例研究描述了一个建设在刚果共和国南部黑角地区以太阳能为能源的房屋。这个房屋根据当地的气候进行设计并且由当地的建筑材料建设而成。多种太阳能系统被使用并且一个室内空气流通系统的策略被提出设计包括双层墙和三重顶为了利用通风建筑围护结构消除热量.外部的墙体由没有上釉的砖砌成,为了蒸发冷却房屋完工之后一直被监控状况并且有一年的数据可以使用。
　　 根据监控数据的分析显示太阳能技术在炎热和潮湿的条件下使用是有效的为提高舒适度而采取的有效空气流通策略同样被讨论。

目录

文摘

英文文摘

1. Introduction

1.1 Objectives

1.2 Overview

1.2.1 Projects in energy sector

1.2.2 Resources of Congo

1.2.3 Human and economic geography of Congo

1.3 Research methodology

1.4 Scope Delimitation

2. Literature Review

2.1 General information gathering for some emerging and developing countries

2.1.1 Renewable Energy in the Power Sector

2.1.2 Power Sector Restructuring and Renewable Energy

2.1.3 Policies for Renewable Energy in the Context of Restructuring

2.2 In-depth Impact assessment of solar energy use in Congo

2.2.1 Energy and resources situation in Congo

2.2.2 Environmental and Socio-economic effects of solar energy in Congo

2.2.3 Potential of energy sector in Congo

2.3 Summary

3. Development of Pragmatic System for Solar Energy in Congo

3.1 Solar Water Heating (Water Boiling)

3.1.1 Population living with more than 30,000 Euros (5.1% of households)

3.1.2 Population living with less than 5,000 Euros (54% of households)

3.2 Solar Cooling (Air Conditioning)

3.2.1 Population living with more than 30,000 Euros (5.1% of households)

3.2.2 Population living with less than 5,000 Euros (54% of households)

3.3 Solar Cooker

3.3.1 Population living with more than 30,000 Euros (5.1% of households)

3.3.2 Population living with less than 5,000 Euros (54% of households)

3.4 Solar Lighting

3.4.1 Population living with more than 30,000 Euros (5.1% of households)

3.4.2 Population living with less than 5,000 Euros (54% of households)

3.5 Summary

4. Case study: Implementation of Solar Cooling Project for Hot and Humid Climates in South (Pointe-Noire) City, Republic of Congo

4.1 Project Presentation

4.2 Solar design strategies

4.3 Building description

4.4 Operating Modes of solar SyStem

4.4.1 Heat collection in winter daytime

4.4.2 Heat exhausting in summer daytime

4.4.3 Cooling in summer nighttime

4.5 Results and discussions

4.5.1 Insulation of the wall

4.5.2 Indoor temperature

4.5.3 Comfort-improving effect of ventilation strategy

4.5.4 Dehumidification

4.5.5 Analysis of indoor thermal comfort

4.6 Performance of PV system and hot water supply

4.7 Case study Summary

5. Conclusion

Charts, Tables and Figures

References

Research

Acknowledgments