Spectral line broadening in X-ray laser research

摘要

In addition to Doppler effects associated with thermal motions, ordered plasma flow and hydrodynamic turbulence, spectral shapes of emission and absorption coefficients could also be influenced by collisions, plasma microfields, or by the electric fields of the amplified electromagnetic waves. Examples for these additional effects and their potential importance are discussed. The interplay between thermal Doppler broadening and elastic ion-ion collisions can lead to a spectral narrowing and therefore to improved gain.