Lessons From Jan, 26, 2001 Gujrat (India) Earthquake

摘要

Authors have done extensive post earthquake survey of Jan 26, 2001, Bhuj earthquake. Based onthe post earthquake survey, important points are highlighted.In this paper both types of buildings i.e. a) Load bearing & b) Framed structure are considered.a) Load bearing buildings: - Importance of provision of various bands for load bearingbuilding, such as band at sill level, lintel level etc. are explained with the help of actual fieldproblem. Reasons for failure of various buildings are explained, with the help of photographs.Some buildings in the epicentral area were found to be in the intact condition. The salientfeatures of these buildings are highlighted, so that these points can be kept in mind for futureconstruction.b) Framed structures: - Wide spread destruction of framed structures was observed. Framedstructures collapsed even at locations 250 to 300 kms away from epicenter.It was observed that wherever there was violation of codal provision, large-scale damage orcollapse was observed .Several cases are explained with the help of photographs & figures.Important reasons behind the failures are 1) Short column effect 2) Flexible ground floor (softstory) 3) Lack of proper detailing 4) Poor Workmanship 5) Ponding effect 6) Appendage effect.