CONTAINED AQUATIC DISPOSAL (CAD) ― AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR ADVANTAGES, LIMITATIONS, AND COSTS

摘要

The authors have researched several projects in the U.S. and abroad where contained aquatic disposal (CAD) has been completed to identify methods of construction, potential advantages, analyze limitations and complexities, and measure the degree of success and costs. An overview of the use of CAD, applicability, advantages/effectiveness, limitations, and costs is presented. The CAD approach is particularly useful for contaminated sediment sites in shallow waters where in situ capping is not possible and upland disposal space for dredged material is limited or unavailable. The CAD method involves the controlled placement of material in an open water environment. As improvements are made in design of sediment caps and armor layers, CAD may be more widely used. A summary is provided of case histories for completed CAD projects with particular emphasis on sub-sediment CAD projects.