Utilization of Groundwater Resources inIraq Rural Potable Water Supply Fast Track Reconstruction

摘要

Using the case of Iraq Rural Water Reconstruction Project, the focus of this paper is to discussrncost-effective, sustainable solutions for providing fast track construction of potable waterrnfacilities in the rural areas for a wide variety of areas or countries under development. Designsrnand available options should be able to address population served, sources, and raw waterrnquality. Design solutions should also consider additional goals such as maximizing employmentrnopportunities for local people and ensuring the finished project provides a sustainable solutionrnthrough long term operations and maintenance.rnThree raw water sources are available in the Iraq Rural Water Reconstruction Project: surfacernwater, alluvial groundwater, and sedimentary rock groundwater. Only the groundwater sourcesrnare discussed in this paper. The major concerns are safety and security, sites selection, waterrnquality such as TDS (total dissolved solid), equipment or material availability, technicalrnfeasibility, construction time, and treated water distribution.