CONTROLLED CONTAINMENT, RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE NETHERLANDS

摘要

All radioactive waste produced in The Netherlands is managed by COVRA, the centralrnorganisation for radioactive waste. The Netherlands forms a good example of a country withrna small nuclear power programme which will end in the near future. However, radioisotopernproduction, nuclear research and other industrial activities will continue to producernradioactive waste. For the small volume, but broad spectrum of radioactive waste, includingrnTENORM, The Netherlands has developed a management system based on the principles tornisolate, to control and to monitor the waste. Long term storage is an essential element of thernmanagement system and forms a necessary step in the strategy of controlled containment thatrnwill ultimately result in final removal of the waste. Since the waste will remain retrievable forrnlong time new technologies and new disposal options can be applied when available andrnfeasible.