ANALYSIS OF THE ST. PETERSBURG TRAFFIC DATA USING THE OSPM MODEL

摘要

Since October 1998 two DOAS instruments were installed at the level of the first floor and at the top of a building located in St. Petersburg at Pestelya Street. The collected data covers the time period of December 1998―March 2001, and include concentrations of benzene, toluene, NO and NO_2, ozone and SO_2. There is also an additional information about the traffic intensity and meteorological conditions. The results of the analysis of this data set, using the OSPM model, are presented here with the goal to understand the features of the air pollution dispersion in this street canyon and to analyse the information about the emission factors of the vehicles. In particular, the model results are used for the solution of the inverse problem of reconstructing the emission factors from measured concentrations. The results obtained indicate that most of the concentrations are well inside the Russian standards with the only exception of NO2 (mean and 98-th percentile are equal to 57.8 and 119.2 μg m~(-3) for the street level). The same values for benzene are 18.5 and 62.6, respectively. Emission estimates show that there is a possibility that the NO_x and benzene basic emission factors recommended by the Russian national guidelines could result in overestimating the traffic emissions. These considerations are supplemented with the model sensitivity tests carried out in connection with the problem of predictability of NO_2 concentrations in the street canyon. Tests indicate that NO_2 concentrations are not very sensitive to NO_x emissions because of the usually low urban background ozone levels.