Numerical prediction of solitary wave runup on vertical walls by finite-amplitude shallow-water wave model

摘要

The existing one-dimensional time-dependent numerical model based on the finite-amplitude shallow-water equations is modified to predict solitary wave runup on a vertical wall. The computed results for Benchmark Problem No.3 are compared with the measured time series of the free surface elevation. The comparison indicates that the finite-amplitude shallow-water equations for nondispersive waves can not predict the sharp crest of shoaling solitary waves because of the premature steepening and breaking of the wave front. The numerical model is also compared with the siz runs of the experiment by Ramsden and Raichlen (1990) in which the spatial and temporal variations of the free surface elevation were measured for a solitary bore impacting on a vertical wall. The transformation from a breaking solitary wave to an incident bore on the gentle slope in front of the vertical wall is predicted fairly well. The numerical model underpredicts the free surface elevation during the solitary bore impact on the vertical wall probably because of the vertical fluid acceleration and air entrainment neglected in the one-dimensional model.