Interception of Solar Energy and Its Efficiency for Sustainable Productivity in Sole and Intercropping of Gram and Indian Mustard

摘要

Gram (Cicer arietinum L.) and Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) were grown together in anrnintercropping system in semi arid region of Haryana, India. The five treatments include sole gram,rnsole Indian mustard, four rows of gram alternated one row of mustard, six rows of gram alternatedrnone row of mustard and twelve rows of gram alternated one row of mustard were planted. Leaf area,rndry matter production and solar energy interception data for gram and mustard were recorded andrnanalysed for comparison of light capture and utilized efficiency by the crop species at differentrnphenophases under contrasting intercropping system in rabi season of two years. The net solarrnenergy partioning into latent, soil and sensible heat fluxes were 68.3-77.0, 16.9-25.4 and 2.0-9.2rnpercent at different phenophases during both years. Sensible heat flux and soil heat flux were low atrnflowering phase and increased at pod setting and further on maturity phase, while latent heat fluxrnfollowed the opposite trend. The radiation use efficiency values ranged between 2.21 and 3.93 g/ MJrnamong all the intercropping system during both seasons. The leaf area index, radiation use efficiencyrnand extinction coefficient were higher in four rows of gram alternated one row of mustard among allrnintercropping systems during study period. The intercropping system four rows of gram alternatedrnone row of mustard produces maximum grain yield as compared to other intercropping system andrncan be used to enhance sustainable production of gram and Indian mustard.