Urban damage mapping using fully polarimetric SAR data with scattering mechanism modeling and interpretation technique

摘要

Summary form only given. Quick response to a large-scale natural disaster such as earthquake and tsunami is vital to mitigate the further loss. Remote sensing especially the spaceborne sensors provide the solution to monitor a huge area in a short time and with regular revisit circle. Damage ranges and damage levels of the destructed urban areas are extremely important information for rescue planning after an event. Rapid mapping of the urban damage levels with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is still challenging. Compared with single-polarization SAR, fully polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) has the better potential to understand the urban damage from the viewpoint of scattering mechanism investigation. In radar polarimetry, dominant double-bounce scattering mechanism in urban area is primarily induced by the ground-wall structures and can reflect the changes of these structures. In this sense, urban damage level in terms of destroyed ground-wall structures can be indicated by the reduction of the dominant double-bounce scattering mechanism, which is the basis of this study. This work first establishes and validates the linear relationship between the urban damage level and the established polarimetric damage index using polarimetric model-based decomposition. Then, efforts are focused on the development of a rapid urban damage level mapping technique which mainly includes two steps of urban area extraction and polarimetric damage level estimation. The 3.11 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami inducing great-scale destructions selected for study using multi-temporal spaceborne PolSAR data. Experimental studies demonstrate that the estimated damage levels are closely consistent to the ground-truth. The final urban damage level map for the full scene is generated thereafter. Results achieved in this study further validate the necessity of exploring fully polarimetric technique for damage investigation.