Biological and productive peculiarities of new cultivars of apples in conditions of the Northern Caucasus

摘要

Apple is the main fruit cultured in Russia and the Northern Caucasus is the main region of industrial horticulture of Russia. For modern industrial horticulture, it is necessary to grow high-yielding cultivars, resistant to frost, drought, diseases, with top quality fruit The aim of our work was to determine the best cultivars for industrial horticulture and or selection. It was necessary to find out which new cultivars of apples were suitable for growing in the conditions of the Northern Caucasus. We set out on the following tasks: 1. phonological observations; 2. viability of pollen; 3. degree of self-impregnation; 4. resistance to draught, frost, diseases (Venturia inaequalis, Podosphaera leucotricha, Monilia fructigena, Spaeropsis malorum); 5. yield; 6. ecologo-genetic plasticity of cultivars; 7. chemical analysis of fruit; 8. tasting of fresh fruit and products of processing (preserves, puree, compote, jam, juice); 9. period of storage; 10 economical estimation.