The Utilization of Jet Grouting and Soil Mixing Methods to Repair and Support Bulkhead Structures

摘要

When the design of an existing bulkhead is adapted to changing conditions, the loading for which that bulkhead was designed radically changes. Changing conditions can be brought on by many different circumstances, such as an increase in the draft depth in front of the bulkhead, corrosion of existing tie back elements, or increased loading conditions from the backside of the bulkhead. The aging process of concrete bulkheads can lead to problems as well, such as the breakdown of the seal between panels, which can create an unstable condition behind the bulkhead by allowing outflow of backfill material. This unstable condition can lead to localized sinkhole formation, rendering portions of the bulkhead useless for their intended purpose. rn Recently, advances in Jet Grouting and Soil Mixing technologies have allowed the economical extension of the use of these bulkheads. Appropriate uses of these two technologies have been utilized to seal joints in concrete bulkheads and relieve earth pressures, and to strengthen backfill soils to allow dredging along the front of the bulkhead without further reinforcement. Several case histories are presented in this paper, documenting the successful use of these technologies in applications involving repairing and supporting bulkhead structures.