Design of nonparaxial optical systems with refractive and diffractive elements on a base of the local thin optics model

摘要

Optical design usually concentrates on local ray slopes, leaving local wavefront curvatures transformation as a side issue. In this presentation we develop a generalized ray tracing method for diffractive and refractive surfaces based on calculation of local wavefront curvatures. We showed that a non-paraxial wavefront transformation still can locally be described by the thin optical element model and developed relevant generalization of the Coddington equations. Ray tracing and diffraction through sequentially cascaded smooth optical surfaces with nonsymmetrical diffractive phase functions, can now be approached with nearly the same simplicity as customary in paraxial optics of thin lenses and Fourier optics. Relations between diffractive polynomial and fabricated microrelief profile are derived for scalar and resonance domain diffractive optics.