The long arch―construction of large underground openings

摘要

Construction of large under ground openings is one of the most challenging endeavors in civil engineering. This paper presents an innovative approach to design and construction utilizing an innovative long arch. A long arch is fundamentally unique in that it is aligned with the direction of the tunnel drive, which is different from the more common arch perpendicular to the drive. The long arch provides ground support for a partially complete opening, allowing additional incremental excavation and support. It is applicable for most large under ground openings and ideally suited to domes and hemispherical shapes. Additionally, common tunneling technologies can be utilized and excavation can proceed simultaneously on multiple headings facilitating rapid and efficient project completion.