THE STUDY OF HYDRO-MINERALOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL REGIME OF KARA-BOGAZ-GOL LAGOON, TURKMENISTAN

摘要

The hydro mineral behavior of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol is related to changes in Caspian Sea level. Several times in past the lagoon was dried and filled by water again. There was considerable decrease of the Caspian Sea level during the period from the end of 19th century until the 1980s. This has resulted in sharp change in hydro mineral regime of the lagoon, and accompanying human interference has caused the ecological catastrophe. In the years from 1980 to 1984 the strait connecting the sea and the lagoon was blocked with a dam. The result was a complete drying up of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol and its transformation in a dry salt lake. The formation of a new ecological system has begun after destruction of the dam and the entering of seawater into the lagoon, at first in a limited quantity (1984-1992 years) and then in a quantity without impediment, as a natural drain basin.