SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

摘要

Infectious disease surveillance in the Slovak Republic has its roots in many years of traditional ways of performance. Surveillance started to develop intensively from the year 1954, when officially it was stated that: all serious infectious disease registration is obligatory. Surveillance of the single infections gradually has been developed according to the actual necessity coming from state of epidemiological affairs in the country and in the world as well. Gradually a methodology for surveillance of alimentary infections, natural focus infections, and zoonosis was elaborated and the main interest was aimed at the infections preventable with vaccination, surveillance of which was elaborated in the form of an immunization programme, which was permanently modified according to the actual necessities due to results from regular immunological survey and due to morbidity of diseases which are IP. Unseparable part of high quality surveillance is functional monitoring of the transmitted disease occurrence. In this field noted progress in Slovakia was reached. Until 1974 monitoring cards for obligatory disease registration were recorded in all regions by hand. In the year 1975 registration system ISPO was established which for data collection used telex- reporting/ district, region, centrum in the Slovak republic. In the year 1991 on the land of the whole Slovak Republic data entry to personal computers was established and collection was performed once a week. This way are annually governed 70,000 - 75,000 monitoring cards in Slovakia. In addition the influenza and influenza related diseases are reported separately. Described way of data collection which concerns transmitted diseases help us and we are able to quickly inform professionals about the actual state of disease occurrence. This is important for providing immediate anti-epidemiologic arrangements and to be able to create good conditions for possible, necessary changes in single disease surveillance methodology. Fast informations serve for lay-public and especially for the purpose of their education about infections disease protection. The surveillance and information system operate within the departments of epidemiology within 38 State Institutes of Public Health on the district level. 8 SI on the region's level are under the Ministry of Health for the Slovak Republic.