RISK ASSESSMENT WITHIN THE CONTROL PROCESS OF MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARDS

摘要

In the European Union, the so-called Seveso-II Directive defines the principles for the control of risks connected with major accident hazards from chemical and petrochemical establishments. As far as the industrial operator is concerned, risk assessment is required to inform decisions on safe design and operation (Safety Management Systems). Risk assessment is also required to inform authorities' decisions on the adequacy of measures taken to decrease risk to the workers, and to external people and environment (e.g. land use planning and emergency planning). For land use planning certain member state; have developed decisional criteria (based either on consequences of selected possible accidents or on quantitative risk targets) according to their different cultures and regulatory styles. People exposed to risk must be consulted on such decisions. Furthermore the safety report of an establishment becomes a document accessible to the public. To inform decisions open to public debate, risk assessment not only requires adoption of sound and retrievable analysis procedures, but also needs to address in an appropriate way the values of the community involved.