GROUND WATER CHARACTERISTICS IN PARTS OF JODHPUR CITY AND ADJOINING AREA, RAJASTHAN

摘要

The Ground Water is vital to the health, safety and socio-economic development of man. Ground Water Resource Management has played a crucial role in the development of man, even in the earliest civilizations. Population growth, advances in agriculture, urbanization and industrialization made water, an interesting subject of the century. Most part of the India is presently facing the problem of declining the water level, apart from that rising water level in the Jodhpur City, western Rajasthan in the arid environment is a vexing problem for hydrogeologists and citizen. The area under study lies between the latitudes 26° 13' N to 26°21' N and longitudes 72°56'E to 73° 04'E, which covers about 195 km~2 and falls under the survey of India Toposheet No. 45F/3, 45F/4, 45B/15 and 45B/16. The study area consists of a number of flat-topped hills of sandstones and rhyolite trending in NE-SW direction. Rhyolite hills have an irregular relief and rough surfaces whereas sandstone hills have erosional flat tops. The present study demonstrates the water level behavior through some observations key wells. The area has arid type of climatic condition characterized by low and erratic rainfall. The ground water mainly occurs in unconfined conditions in weathered and fractured zone of Malani rhyolites, Jodhpur sandstone and quaternary alluvium. The water level variation is mainly controlled by aquifer characteristics. The water level in alluvium/rhyolite varies from 5.30 to 35.0 m and in sandstone less than 21.0 m bgl (below ground level). The water level fluctuations observed in alluvium/rhyolite varies from 0.02 to 4.85 m and in sandstone 0.17 to 4.65 m. The depth of ground water table varies from 0.70 to 31.09 m with seasonal variations, at various places due to different hydrogeological formations and structures. The water table contour map showing ground water flows direction follows the ground slope. Hydrographs of the monitoring stations have been prepared. A perusal of these hydrographs clearly indicates the continuous rise of water level.