Invasive fish species in the Mediterranean (Adriatic Sea) as a result of climate changes and anthropogenic factors

摘要

The last decade was marked by significant climate changes, causing hot summers, cold winters, storms, floods and forest fires.rnThose changes have, naturally, influenced living creatures, including the distribution and spread of certain populations. Changes inrnwater temperature have been noted in marine ecosystems, with northern Mediterranean (Adriatic Sea) showing an increase inrntemperature. These changes allowed for warm–water fish species to migrate northwards, to the areas of the Mediterranean theyrnhaven't inhabited until now. Already, around 60 fish species have been recorded in the Mediterranean that have migrated eitherrnfrom the Indo–Pacific region through the Suez Channel, or from the Atlantic through the Gibraltar straits. Three new species havernbeen scientifically documented in the Adriatic, two migrants from the eastern Atlantic: Spheroideus pachygaster, blunthead puffer,rnand Tylosurus acus imperialis, garfish; and one lessepsian migrant, Fistularia commersonii, bluespotted cornetfish. All have beenrncaught in Montenegrin waters in the last three years. Croatian ichthyologists have recorded 8 lessepsian and east–Atlantic speciesrnnew to the Adriatic. Intensive marine traffic, fishing activities and mariculture all influence these changes in biodiversity. Therndilemma remains whether this is really the influence of climate changes or just a sign of the maximum sun–spot activities andrnsubsequent reduction in solar activity in the following period and the arrival of a mini ice age, as certain scientists forecast.