Differences in metal concentrations in water intended for human consumption in the pipe network of the city of Poznah (Poland) in the light of two sampling methods

摘要

The article presents the results of a study of metal concentrations (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Fe, and Mn) in the tap water of consumers in Poznari (Poland) obtained with the help of two different sampling methods. In the first case, samples were collected daily from 11 randomly selected domestic plumbing systems for a month (October 2008), with one sample taken after overnight stagnation and another during the day, after an exchange of water in the pipes. In the other case, water was sampled from 100 randomly selected plumbing systems using the random daytime sampling (RDT) method in two weeks of May 2010. The study was conducted on the water distribution system of the city of Poznan supplied from an artificial recharge of groundwater (Debina well field) and from wells drawing groundwater through bank infiltration (Mosina-Kra jkowo well field).