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Degrees with Almost Universal Cupping Property

机译:具有几乎通用拔罐物业的程度

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The notion of cupping/noncupping has played an essential role in the study of various degree structures in the Ershov hierarchy. As an approach to refute Shoenfield conjecture, Yates (see [2]) proved the existence of a nonzero noncuppable r.e. degree, a degree cupping no incomplete r.e. degree to 0'. In contrast to this, Arslanov proved in [1] that nonzero noncuppable degrees do not exist in the structure of d.r.e. degrees, which shows that the structures of r.e. degrees and d.r.e. degrees are not elementary equivalent. On the other hand, Posner and Robinson proved in [7] and [8] that any degree below 0' has a complement in the Δ_2~0 degrees. Slaman and Steel [9] improved this result by showing that such complements can be 1-generic degrees. This implies the existence of a Δ_2~0 degree such that 0 and 0' are the only r.e. degrees comparable with it - such degrees are called Yates degrees, as introduced by Wu in [11]. Say that an incomplete degree has universal cupping property if it cups every nonzero r.e. degree to 0'. By Lachlan's observation that every nonzero n-r.e. degree bounds a nonzero r.e. degree, no universal cupping degree can be n-v.e. In [5], Li, Song and Wu proved that in terms of the Ershov hierarchy, universal cupping degrees can be ω-r.e. In this paper, we consider those degrees with almost universal cupping property. Here an incomplete degree d has almost universal cupping property if it cups every nonzero r.e. degree to 0', except for those degrees below d. In [4], Cooper, Harrington, Lachlan, Lempp and Soare showed the existence of an incomplete maximal d.r.e. degree. Obviously, such maximal d.r.e. degrees have the almost universal cupping property.
机译:拔罐/非普通的概念在ORShov等级中的各种度结构研究中发挥了重要作用。作为反驳Shoenfield猜想的方法,Yates(参见[2])证明了非零非胶合R.E的存在。学位,一定程度的拔罐没有不完整的R.E.学位到0'。与此相反,Arslanov在[1]中证明了非零非胶合度不存在于D.R.E的结构中。度,表明R.E.的结构。度和D.R.E.学位不是基本的等同物。另一方面,Posner和Robinson在[7]和[8]中,低于0'的程度在Δ_2〜0度的补充。庞大的钢和钢[9]通过表明这种补充可以是1通度的改进。这意味着存在Δ_2〜0度,使得0和0'是唯一的R.E.与IT相当的程度 - 如[11]所引入的,称为Yates Degle。如果它每一个非零R.E杯,那么一个不完整的程度都有普遍的拔罐物业。学位到0'。通过Lachlan的观察,每个非零N-R.E。学位界限非零R.E.程度,没有通用的拔罐度可以是n-v.e。在[5]中,李,歌和吴证明,就ORSHOV层次结构而言,通用拔罐度可以是ω-R.E。在本文中,我们认为具有几乎普遍的拔罐物业的程度。在这里,如果它是每个非零R.E,则不完整的程度将具有几乎是通用的拔罐属性。学位到0',除了下方的那些度。在[4]中,Cooper,Harrington,Lachlan,Lempp和Soare表明存在不完整的最大d.r.e.程度。显然,这种最大的D.R.E.学位具有几乎通用的拔罐物质。

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