Plant hormones (also phytohormones) are naturally occurring organic chemicals that are active in low concentrations. The traditional definition of a hormone is that they are synthesized at one location and translocated to their site of action. However, there are some exceptions for plant hormones. The five major plant hormones are auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, and ethylene. Additional compounds considered plant hormones include brassinosteroids, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and polyamines. Plant hormones are important to propagation because they act endogenously to regulate plant function and can be applied to induce specific responses such as root initiation in cuttings and dormancy release in seeds (Hartmann et al., 2011).
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