Effectiveness of Soybean Inoculation with Indigenous Symbiotic Culture in the Yenisei Siberia

摘要

Soybean inoculation aimed at increasing yield and optimizing nitrogen nutrition is a widely used method. However, it is not always possible to achieve a positive effect; this fact forces us to search for compatible strains and varieties, appropriate methods of using agents. Indigenous nodule bacteria (named Spontaneous by the authors) isolated in 2018 in the Krasnoyarsk Territory were tested in the field in 2019 in comparison with an industrial preparation based on strain 634 of the All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology. This study was carried out on the basis of Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University in Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe (56° 26' 15" N, 92° 54' 11" E). Treatment with Spontaneous preparation significantly (F = 126.34; p = 0.0013) increases nodulation. The average number of nodules by varieties in the control variant (treatment with distilled water) was 10 pcs/root; when treated with strain 634 - 19 pcs; when treated with Spontaneous preparation - 86 pcs. The greatest effect of inoculation by the number of nodules was obtained in Zaryanitsa variety (44 pcs per plant according to the average value of experiment), with this parameter of Eos variety amounting to 33 pcs. The number of beans in Zaryanitsa variety increased by 1.4 times when treated with Spontaneous preparation and 2 times when treated with strain 634. Increase in EOS variety was obtained only during treatment with strain 634. Treatment with industrial preparation leads to a significant increase in the photosynthetic apparatus (F = 6.064; p = 0, 0063); for the Spontaneous strain, this effect is not statistically proven. Increase in the number of nodules per plant does not lead to the increase in leaves area, the number and weight of beans. Weight of one nodule is crucial for all these parameters. The resulting indigenous microorganisms are of interest as sources of increased nodulation and adaptability of soybeans to the harsh conditions of Siberia.