Status of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure During Pregnancy to Risk Enhancement of Low Birth Weight in Palembang City

摘要

A number of studies have found evidence to support the hypothesis that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in pregnant women can increase the risk of impaired fetal growth. This study aims to analyze the relationship of environmental tobacco smoke exposure with the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW). The conclusion of causality, especially time relationship can be further explained in this study because it uses a case control study design with a sample of 145 maternal cases and 145 maternal control samples in 16 sub-districts in Palembang. Historical data on environmental tobacco smoke exposure were taken primarily by interviewing conditions while pregnant women using a structured questionnaire. The data obtained were then analyzed using univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression tests with risk factor models. There was a significant relationship between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during pregnancy to the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) (p-value: 0.018, OR 4.1 (95% CI 2.53-8.27)). There are no variables that interact with environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy in influencing LBW events. The variable most associated with the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) is environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy after being controlled by maternal nutritional status variables during pregnancy (p-value: 0.014, OR 3.49 (95% CI 1.6-9.3)). Air pollution is proven to have an impact on birth outcomes. Environmental tobacco smoke is one of the air pollutants that can increase the risk of LBW when exposing the mother during pregnancy.