By continuous growing on wireless communication technology and mobile equipments, the need for storing and processing data of moving objects arises in a wide range of location-based applications. In this paper, we propose a new spatio-temporal index structure for moving objects, namely the TPKDB-tree, which supports efficient retrieval of future positions and reduces the update cost. The proposed index structure combines an assistant index structure that directly accesses to the current positions of moving objects with a spatio-temporal index structure that manages the future positions of moving objects. The internal node in our index structure keeps time parameters in order to support the future position retrieval and reduce the update cost. We also propose new update and split methods to improve search performance and space utilization. We, by various experimental evaluations, show that our index structure outperforms the existing index structure.
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