Impact evaluation of the photovoltaic generation input on a concessionaire's network

摘要

Electricity is consolidated as one of the most important resources for the maintenance of the productive system, commerce and the comfort and well-being of the population. Currently, in Brazil and in the world, there has been a great diversification of sources that make up the energy matrix. Efforts are being made to replace polluting sources with clean sources, such as wind, solar, biomass, etc. Thus, the focus of this article is to perform the analysis of how the network of a concessionaire in southern Brazil will behave with photovoltaic inputs in its distribution network. In other words, simulations will be performed during daily periods, to analyze loader load curves, network voltage profiles, among others, to check if there were grid problems, such as periods of overload, undervoltage or overvoltage, etc. The modeling of the elements that make up the network, loads and simulations are developed in OpenDSS software. For the definition of the installed power in each unit of Distributed Generation (GD), as well as of the daily profiles of generation, are used typical curves of solar generation, extracted from measurements of systems of tests installed in the region. The evaluation of the probability of entry of distributed generation units is done through a Fuzzy inference system, which will point out scenarios based on the combination of factors that favor or not the implantation of solar generation. This study verifies how the distribution system of the concessionaire behaves with the insertion of several units of DG. As solar power generation is variable and difficult to predict, the generation curves adopted for simulations contemplate the most likely scenarios of occurrence. The approach taken is necessary to help the utility identify future problems, and then plan investments in the networks to adapt them to this new scenario that has been established in the electric sector.