Study of the Effect of the Rate Flow and the Slope of the Channel on the Energy Dissipation in the Stepped Channels: Proposing an Empirical Models

摘要

Many researchers have concentrated on experimental research of hydraulic characteristics of the flow over the stepped spillway. It is in this context that we operate in the present work to distinguish between the two flows regimes and to study the effect of rate flow and the slope of channel on the energy dissipation, the point of inception. And finally we present the empirical models. To show the importance of studying these flows, we made an experimental approach in the laboratory of civil engineering at the University of Laghouat (Algeria), in three (03) models: model A (4cm x 7.5cm 4cmx) and model B (8cm x 7.5cm 8cmx), and the third model C size (12cm x 12 cm x 7.5 cm) developed 'Plexiglas.' In what follows, we set the rate of flow and vary the slope of the channel. The simulated flows range from 0.0721/s to 2.569 1/s. As result, for a slope (45 °), the energy dissipation is relative maximum and average around 95% in all three models. For low slope (15 ° or 20 °), the energy dissipation is relative maximum and average of 93%, 86% and 87% for models A, B and C respectively. For an average slope (30 °), the energy dissipation is relative maximum and average about 95%, 92% and 89% for models A, B and C respectively.