Technical review of multi-fuel bubbling fluidised bed boilers for paper industry wastes, with predictive models for metals and dioxin emissions

摘要

The combustion of sludges in fluidised beds is widely and successfully practised in the paper industry. The extent of burnout is good, with a high conversion of carbon. Very wet sludges have been treated with the use of natural gas as auxiliary fuel. No report of furnace degradation has been found in a literature search. Fouling is possible in the downstream heat exchangers due to the deposition of clay-derived calcium compounds, but these can be readily removed. Acid gases are absorbed at >90 % efficiency with lime.