A larger market penetration of electrified vehicles requires to further increase the energy density (> 2.5 times). Further development of Li-ion technology with innovative materials could lead to improvements of this magnitude. The main challenge is the simultaneous fulfillment of all the requirements for vehicle applications: safety, lifetime, performance, and cost. Comparability of research results and comparison on the right complexity level (e.g. cell, pack or vehicle integration) are essential for technology evaluation. It is difficult to predict the overall behavior at an early maturity level. The only way is fundamental understanding → more basic research.
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