Managed forest in Scandinavia, northern Europe, are dominated by coniferous species cultivated in even-aged monocultures. Native broadleaved species in the region are traditionally restricted either by management procedures during regeneration or removed inprecommercial and first commercial thinnings. Increased demand for bioenergy and new products of hardwood fibers in combination with a change in attitude regarding biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services have resulted in a growing interest formixed species forest. One possible option for establishing mixed forests is to combine planting of conifer species with natural regeneration of broadleaves. Accurate predictions of seed supply and seedling establishment would facilitate the choice of sites for this combination method and could be an additional incentive to achieve mixtures of planted coniferous and naturally regenerated broadleaved species. Masting behavior of birch species in relation to annual weather conditions for flowering and fluctuating seed production depending on resource allocation has been modeled in previous studies. In this study we model site specific predictions of regeneration success for two native birch species, Betula pendula Roth, and B. pubescens Ehrh., implementing the knowledge of seed biology characteristics for the species and extracting necessary stand information of seed source from national coverage data.
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