In recent years, there has been an increasing interest within the Supply Chain Management (SCM) in localizing passive RFID tags. Identification information combined with target's location can hugely optimize the usage of RFID technology. In this paper, we present a novel localization algorithm which can be utilized for accurately and quickly localizing a tag from a mass of passive RFID tags. The proposed approach characterizes the tag detection events to estimate the detection probabilities of landmarks and, furthermore, generates a probabilistic RFID map. Aided by this map, the locations of tags can be localized accurately and quickly. In particular, we focus on reducing the time cost of the localization computing while remaining high accuracy and designed an automatic transmission power regulating algorithm. Real-world experiments demonstrate the efficiency of our approach to estimate the targets' locations with high accuracy and low time cost.
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