Birefringence test for basic load case

摘要

Birefringence can be a crucial problem for many optical instruments operating with laser beams. Even for birefringence free optical elements, birefringence can be introduced due to mounting forces and torques. Highly sensitive polarimeters need to be used to reveal the limit values of linear or circular retardance introduced into the optical system. The correct assessment of polarimeter's performance needs to be done with an appropriate test sample. We propose a birefringence test sample based on a basic load case of a circular plate loaded with torsion stress. Such a test sample has many advantages for a birefringence measurement testing. There is always present a zero level of stress in the middle of the circular sample. The stress level linearly increases towards the perimeter and its slope can be set arbitrarily. There is no change of either the sample volume or its shape under torsion stress. In the paper we evaluate the birefringence of a sample under torsion stress with Jones matrix calculus. We applied a torsion stressed sample to verify reliability of our newly proposed setup for birefringence measurement based on polarized Mach-Zehnder interferometer.