Because of the electromagnetic constriction force in electroslag strip cladding, there is a strong force in the bottom of the bead, and the bead becomes undercut. To research on undercut, we set up a model about flat workpiece, and simulate the magnetic field and magnetic force distribution by numerical simulation. It shows that there is a strong relationship between the magnetic field and the position of the electrode. The current distribution in the workpiece can be fit by Gaussian function. In the same bead, the force of the bead bottom elements can be fit by exponential function. When the weld bead is on the edge of the base material, the magnetic field and magnetic force become a sudden change. The magnetic force on one of the bead bottom can be 2.2 times and 3 times greater than that on the other side.
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