Metro area network optical routers and technologies: FOADM, BOADM, ROADM, and TOADM

摘要

The routing of optical signals in metropolitan area networks, core to edge, has seen significant innovations in recent years, fueled by the increased demand for bandwidth in the age of Web 2.0 applications and services. We review the main types of optical routers and describe and contrast their functionalities, attributes, architectures, use in networks, and underlying optoelectronic technologies.