In this article we study the problem of estimating the parameters of a 2-D electrophysiological model of the heart from a set of temporal recordings of extracellular potentials. The chosen model is the reaction-diffusion model on the action potential proposed by Aliev and Panfilov. The strategy consists in building an error criterion based upon a comparison of depolarization times between the model and the measures. This error criterion is minimized in two steps : first a global and then a local adjustment of the model parameters. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated on real measures on canine hearts, showing also the necessity to introduce anisotropy and probably a third spatial dimension in the model.
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