ELECTRIC FIELD EFFECTS NEAR CRITICAL POINTS

摘要

We present a general Ginzburg-Landau theory of electrostatic interactions and electric field effects for the order parameter, the polarization, and the charge density. Electric field effects are then investigated in fluids near the critical points and liquid crystals near the isotropic-nematic phase transition. We also examine the liquid-liquid phase transition in polar binary mixtures with a small fraction of ions. Some new predictions are given together with a short review.