The Health and Environmental Effects of the Production, Use, and Disposal of Polyvinylchloride

摘要

In spite of all of its advantages, the use of polyvinylchloride (PVC) poses serious health and environmental risks. From the serious problems associated with the manufacture of the polymer itself, to the damaging effects of its disposal, PVC poses a danger throughout its life cycle. The manufacturing of PVC exposes plant workers and residents of nearby communities to significant health risks. While PVC is relatively safe to handle, the vinyl chloride monomer is not. In the United States alone, 126,000 employees work in PVC plants, and 9,000 employees are directly involved with the production of vinyl chloride. These employees have a history of contracting angiosarcoma, a rare form of liver cancer. The US Department of Health and Human Services has declared vinyl chloride a human carcinogen. Emissions from these production facilities subject surrounding communities to increased health risks from air and water pollution. Potential health risks with PVC continue long beyond the production process. PVC has been linked to the release of dioxins, highly toxic substances that can be carcinogenic. These dioxins have the potential to be released during the products life. American and European companies such as General Motors, Volvo, Nike, and Mattel have begun eliminating PVC from consumer products due to its possible dangers. PVC also poses problems in homes due to the danger of a house fire. When burned it can release toxic additives and harmful gasses into the air. As more than half of all PVC is used in construction, this is a serious issue.