RENEWABLE ENERGY-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

摘要

Energy plays a key role in meeting the development targets of rural areas of developing countries and is therefore crucial for the eradication of poverty. Translating the extensive knowledge on renewable energy technologies (RETs) and project experiences in developed countries into innovative solutions to poverty alleviation is one of the challenges that face stakeholders worldwide. These solutions are necessary to jump-start development in developing countries where the majority of the population live in impoverished rural communities. The objective of this paper is to present practical solutions to poverty alleviation through adoption of RETs. The technical design options of the RE systems discussed include photovoltaics, wind energy, solar/wind hybrid systems, solar refrigerators, solar water heaters, solar cookers and mini-hydro power. The decisions necessary to identify the suitability of specific RETs to meet the energy needs of rural inhabitants are presented. RE systems can also provide business opportunities that will diversify the economy of rural areas of developing nations. Socio-economic implications include creation of revenue and employment and improvement in quality of life in rural areas. It is concluded that there are benefits for governments of developing nations to help alleviate poverty in rural areas by encouraging and supporting the adoption of RETs as sustainable development tools.