Two-fluid model with sheath and sample fluids having different densities and viscosities, the two fluids being miscible or immiscible, as the case may be. Model assumes laminar, axisymmetric flow of two Newtonian fluids. Simulations using present model show 1. Most important factor in determining focusing width, apart from the geometry of the hydrodynamic focusing device, is sheath-to-sample fluid flow rate ratio. As this ratio increases, focusing width decreases, but focusing length increases, 2. Shape of the nozzles, linear or curvilinear, does not affect the hydrodynamic focusing width and length, 3. Significant differences in hydrodynamic focusing width result from simulations of planar and axisymmetric flow in a two-nozzle hydrodynamic focusing device, and 4. Similarly, significant differences are observed between simulations with sheath and sample fluids having the same density and viscosity values and those with the two fluids having different density and viscosity values.
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