Effect of different pollinated varieties on fruit set and quality of 'Fugang 1' Apples

摘要

Study revealed that higher fruit set percentages of on the basis of clusters in 'Fugang 1' apples pollinated by using 'Golden Delicious' naturally and artificially, with rates of fruit set being 76.3% and 74.9%～75.2%, respectively. Pollination with 'Starkrimson' pollen gave a better effect in enhancing fruit set, but 'Tengmu 1' used as a pollinator for 'Fugang 1' caused the lowest rate of fruit set. For any individual cultivar, pollen grains taken from newly-open blossoms resulted in a slightly higher rate of fruit set than those collected from full-pink buds. Similarly, the higher percentages of fruit set on the basis of blossoms occurred if artificial pollination was applied with 'Golden Delicious' as a pollinator, achieving 55.0%～57.0% on average. With respects to appearance quality, fruit pollinated with 'Golden Delicious' pollen had long fruit stalks in appropriate thickness, and appeared to be more symmetrical, longitudinal and bigger size with overall and uniform attractive red color. Fruit pollinated with 'Starkrimson' pollen had also quite better quality. However, fruit pollinated with 'Tengmu 1' pollen produced stubbed, flattened and deformed fruit stalks, and for a few fruit even appeared some kinds of tumors on fruit bases, showing an ugly or inferior appearance, although fruit size might be improved in this situation. So far as internal quality is concerned, fruit pollinated with Tengmu 1' pollen possess more seed of heavier weight, advanced maturity, higher firmness, higher content of soluble solids, and taste crispy and juicy. Nevertheless, the inferior quality of fruit pollinated with 'Golden Delicious' pollen is inferior to that with Tengmu 1', but superior to that with 'Starkrimson' pollen. In comparison with the other two cultivars tested, 'Golden Delicious' is recommended as an appropriate pollen parent for 'Fugang 1'.