Turbulence models for cfd in the 21st century

摘要

The two approaches to turbulence modelling Both Osborne Reynolds (1884) and Ludwig Prandtl (1925) regarded turbulence as an expression of the near-random intermingling of sizeable fragments of unlike fluid, which, during a succession of brief encounters, bended to equilibrium. Their concept found however no explicit place in the family of turbulence models springing from Kolmogorov's (1942) proposal to attend only to statistical measures of the turbulent motion, such as energy and frequency. The intermingling-fragments idea was nevertheless preserved in the models of Spalding (1971) and Magnussen (1976) ("eddy-break-up" and "eddy-dissipation", respectively) which are still used for combustion simulation.