The data from the Distance testing indicate that the simulations corresponded well to the appearance of the images seen through the multifocal lens. The consistency of the results with such a small number of very elderly and inexperienced observers demonstrates that the methods of simulation and testing were valid. The differences found between images were not large and may be explained by subjects' use of specific details. The power analysis based on the current data from the Distance testing indicates that approximately 20 subjects would be required to formally test the validity of the simulated images. Given that this is not a recommended prescription mode, we are unlikely to recruit enough subjects with a monocular multifocal IOL and monofocal IOL in the other eye in otherwise normal disease free eyes. The slightly larger deviation in the results from the prediction for the Near testing is presumed to be a result of the edge blur that occur in the image seen through the multifocal IOL eye due to the high power trial lens used. This effect needs to be further evaluated.
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